What high blood pressure means
Blood pressure is the force of blood against artery walls. Hypertension means that pressure is persistently higher than is healthy. It is common, can affect adults of any age and often causes no symptoms, so a person may feel well while the condition is harming the heart, brain, kidneys or eyes.
A single high reading does not always mean you have hypertension. Readings can be affected by stress, pain, recent activity, caffeine, the cuff size and how the measurement is taken. A health professional may repeat readings on separate occasions or recommend home monitoring before making a diagnosis.
Who should get checked?
Adults should discuss blood pressure checks during routine health visits, and more often if a clinician recommends it. Regular checks are especially important if you have diabetes, kidney or heart disease, a family history of hypertension, or have previously had an elevated reading. Pregnancy also needs specific blood pressure monitoring.
For a more reliable measurement, sit quietly for several minutes with your back supported, feet flat and arm resting at heart level. Avoid smoking, exercise and caffeinated drinks shortly before a reading where possible. Ask the health worker to repeat an unexpected result.
Small steps that support heart health
Everyday habits can help manage risk, alongside any treatment recommended for you. Aim for regular movement that suits your abilities, choose a varied diet with vegetables and fruit, and reduce excess salt and highly processed foods. Limiting alcohol, avoiding tobacco and working toward a healthy weight can also benefit cardiovascular health.
These changes are not a substitute for prescribed medicine. If you have been given treatment, take it as directed and arrange follow-up checks. Do not stop or change a dose because a reading improves or because you feel well; discuss side effects or concerns with your care team.
- Keep a record of readings and bring it to appointments.
- Ask how and when to take any prescribed medicines.
- Discuss diabetes, kidney health, pregnancy and other medicines with your clinician.
Know when it is an emergency
Seek emergency help for sudden weakness or numbness, trouble speaking, severe chest pain, severe difficulty breathing, confusion, fainting or a sudden severe headache, especially if these symptoms are new. Do not delay emergency assessment to recheck a home blood pressure reading.
A health professional can assess your individual risk, confirm whether treatment is needed and decide how often you should be monitored. This article is for general education and does not replace medical advice.
Arrange a check
If you have not had your blood pressure checked recently, ask about screening at your next visit. The hospital team can help arrange an assessment and explain any follow-up that may be needed.
This content is for general information only and is not a substitute for an individual assessment, diagnosis or treatment plan from a qualified health professional.
